Packing-qua-shinga [fl. 1778], Odawa chief, attended a council at Detroit, June 29, 1778 (MPHSC vol. IX: 452).

Padahgoshing [fl. 1875], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community; signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7).

Pahdakoung [fl. 1875], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community; signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7).

Pah-duh-sunc [fl. 1857], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community; signed Surrender #85 and #86, Peach Island, Detroit River, for Keshebahahnelegoo Mensha Island, St. Clair River, July 21, 1857 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 220-221).

Pah-eence [fl. 1857], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community; signed Surrender #85 and #86, Peach Island, Detroit River, for Keshebahahnelegoo Mensha Island, St. Clair River, July 21, 1857 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 220-221).

Pah-pah-coash / Jacob Pheasant [fl. 1812-1848], Munsee chief / warrior / guide, born and raised at Moraviantown [Fairfield]; fought at the battle of Moraviantown on August 5, 1813; said to have carried Tecumseh from the field with Munsee warrior Timoot and to have assisted in his burial after the battle; fought at Crysler's Farm, November 11, 1813; he was awarded the Detroit medal with the Crysler's Farm bar in 1848; (Berton 1980: 234; Sugden: 217; RCWL VF185).

Pamausegaqua [born on the Thames River in 1845], Ojibwa, Thames River [Muncey] community; she was the daughter of Tom Chief [born on the Thames River in 1812; fl. 1852] and Shauwushgwena [born on Walpole Island in 1822] (PAC Canada 1951-1852).

Pamegahwayahsing / Isaac Henry [born on the Credit River in 1808; fl. 1837-1852], Ojibwa/Mississauga, Muncey and Credit River communities, married Mary [born on Bear Creek in 1804; fl. 1852], father of Jacob Henry; Pamegahwayahsing signed a petition to the King from Credit River, October 4, 1837; in February 1847 Isaac Henry announced that he was leaving the Credit River for Muncey; Isaac Henry (2?) signed Surrender #205, hunting agreement, July 25, 1883 (PAC Canada 1851-52; Canada 1891 vol. II: 139; Kahkewaquonaby 1861: 267; Smith 1987: 210).

Pandigecawa [fl. 1788], Ojibwa/Odawa chief; Pow-di-gee-ka-waa, Odawa village chief, attended a council at Detroit, June 14, 1778; Pandigecawa, Ojibwa chief, signed [with an Eagle and Lightning Bolt totems] the Jonathon Schieffelin deed, north side of the Askunessippi [Thames River] from Chatham to London, September 20, 1788 (PAO MU 2099 OS 1-4; MPHSC vol. IX: 442).

From PAO, MU 2099 - 1788.

Anna Johanna Papunhank [born 1723; died c.1813 at Moraviantown {Fairfield}], Delaware Nation; converted to Christianity in 1763; widow of Delaware chief John Papunhank (Gray: 251).

Paqua [fl. 1798-1814], Mississauga/Ojibwa war chief; sided with the US and tried to convince the Ojibwa of southern Ontario to join US and France against Britain to avenge the death of Chief Wabacanine on October 12, 1798; fought on the US side in the War of 1812 (Schmalz: 109).

Paukeesa / Pugeshashenwa / young Tecumtha [born c.1796; died c.1840], Shawnee/ Chaouanon warrior and chief; son of Tecumseh and Mamate - she died shortly after his birth; he was at the Battle of Moraviantown [Fairfield], October 5, 1813; invited to Lower Canada, February 5, 1814; he was at Quebec City on February 14, 1814; he was appointed a Shawnee village chief in March, 1814 near Burlington; moved west of the Mississippi River; he was paid a stipend by the British until his death (Drake: 224-225; Goltz: 355; Sugden: 157, 195, 197-198; MPHSC vol. XV: 485, 487, 492).

Paupinnash [fl. 1768-1772], Ojibwa/Mississauga chief of a village on the River Pemidashkoudoyan, west side of Lake Ontario, the grandfather of one of the warriors [possibly Wandagan] murdered by trader David Ramsay at Kettle Creek during the full moon in March 1772; Paapinaas, Mississauga chief from north of Lake Ontario attended and spoke at a congress at Johnson Hall, August 16-19, 1768 - he informed Johnson of the death of Wabbicommicot; Papinaash, Mississauga chief, attended a conference at Johnson Hall, New York, July 4, 1770; Paupinnash arrived at Johnson Hall with principal Chief Teschetabras and fourteen warriors and informed William Johnson of the murders committed by Ramsay and of the feelings of his Nation, May 26, 1772 (Smith 1975: 6; PSWJ vol. VIII: 495-497, vol. XII: 591-592, 833-834, 963-964, 969-970). 'Father - Harken to me, and hear my Words, they are the words od [sic] a Child, - but I beg of you to hear them. - I am to acquaint you, father, that this Belt comes from our people to inform you of the death of our chief, and your Friend Wabicomicot, and to assure you that all our people are quiet and easy, - Here is described on this Belt, your Habitation, and fire place, and here is ours with a road Open, clear, and safe between them. The agreement has been long between us - the Sky has been since clear, and the Sun Shines bright whensoever we meet'—Johnson Hall, August 18, 1768 (PSWJ vol. XII: 590-591).

Paushetaunonquitohe [fl. 1820], Mississauga /Ojibwa chief, Credit River community; signed Surrender #22, Township of Toronto, and Surrender #23, west of Toronto, February 28, 1820 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 50, 53).

Pawbetang [fl. 1819-1827], Ojibwa chief, Thames River community; Pawbitang, Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Catfish or Sturgeon totem] Surrender #21, west of London Township, north of the Thames River, March 9, 1819; Pawbetang, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #280½, west of London Township and north of the Thames River, May 9, 1820; Pawbetang, Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Catfish or Sturgeon totem] Surrender #25, London Township to Chatham Township, July 8, 1822; Pabitung, Ojibwa chief, signed at Amherstburg, a receipt for goods in payment of Surrender #21, August 9, 1827 (PAC RG10 vol. 1842 IT 065, IT 067, IT 079; PAC RG10 vol. 1849 IT 368; Canada 1891 vol. I: 49, 58, vol. II: 281; Leighton: app. B6, B7).

Pazhehizhikquashkum / Paghehqushguashikema / Pazhekezkikquashkum / Pazhekezhickquashcum / Pa-zeh-ke- zheek-quash-kum / Pashegeezhegwashkum / Pashgeeshquashkung / Pechegechequistqum / Pashkishquayshiguam / Paskikkaskinqueskum / Beyigishiqueshkam / Paqhegushquasshukemawas / He who makes footsteps in the sky [born on the Thames River c.1786, died on Walpole Island c.1842; or born on the Miami [Maumee] River c.1770, died on east side of the St. Clair River in January 1842], Pash-she-geesh-quash- kung, Ojibwa Walpole Island chief before 1812; Pa-shik-ka-shik-ques-cum / the one who makes footsteps in the sky, Ojibwa head chief and medicine man of Walpole Island [there were 5 inferior chiefs under him], father of Kikenosway and Walpole Island Ojibwa Chief Peterwegeeshisk; left Canada to hunt in the US before 1812; moved to Walpole Island with his three sons before 1829; lived on the west shore of Lake St. Clair; resisted conversion to Christianity along with the other residents of Walpole Island; Sarnia Ojibwa Chief Wawanosh stated that he was the head chief of the entire St. Clair area in 1829; Pashegeeghegwashkum, Ojibwa chief, was visited by Kahkewaquonaby [ Peter Jones] on August 2, 1829, who was told that he was "a great sorcerer, or pow wow, who maintains his authority by witchcraft"; Jones visited him again on May 29, 1830; he was called a conjuror, "who it is said having been with the Americans and fought for them in the last war" and "the greatest opposer of civilization" in 1830 who retained his ancestral religion; Pashkishquayshiguan, Walpole Island chief, was reported by William Jones on June 10, 1831, to have disrupted the census taking of the St. Clair reserve by the Indian Department; Pas- hik-ka-shik-ques-cum, Ojibwa head chief of Walpole Island, actively supported the Government in the Rebellion of 1837, as indicated in letters dated December 14 and 21, 1837; Scott stated in 1847 that the late Chief Paisheweesheegwaisham was a "zealous opponent of Christianity"; Pash-ge-quashkum, Walpole Island hereditary Ojibwa chief (PAO MS 296: 3; Ferris: 68; Kahkewaquonaby 1830: 94, 1860: 249, 274, 1861: 159; Nin•Da•Waab• Jig: 121; Read and Stagg: 326; Taylor app. B: Peterwegeeshgisk decl., Pelogezigh decl.; Smith 1987: 108-110, 279; DCB vol. VII: 54-55). 'The place on which the white man's house now stands was the former residence of the Mamagwasemug or fairies. Our forefathers used to see them on the bank of the river. When the white man came and pitched his wigwam on the spot where they lived, they removed to the poplar grove, where they have been living for several years. Last spring the white man went and cleared and burnt this grove, and the Mamagwasemug have been obliged to remove; their patience and forbearance were now exhausted; they felt indignant at such treatment, and were venting their vengeance at the white man by destroying his property'—Walpole Island c.1850 (Kahkewaquonaby 1861: 159) [The house was set on fire by Pashegeeghegwashkum's son].

Peapamaw [fl. 1784], Mississauga/Ojibwa chief; negotiated and signed an indenture which eventually became Surrender #3, Niagara River to Port Bruce [Catfish Creek], May 22, 1784 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 5; Fraser: 486, 488).

Peasanish [fl. 1784], Mississauga/Ojibwa chief; negotiated and signed an indenture which eventually became Surrender #3, Niagara River to Port Bruce [Catfish Creek], May 22, 1784 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 5; Fraser: 486, 488).

Pedandig [fl. 1848], Ojibwa Warrior, Sarnia community; in 1848 he received presents from the Indian Department for wounds suffered in the War of 1812 (Richardson: 101). Pedandig = Wave (Richardson: 101).

Peedenwon [fl. 1875], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community, signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7).

Peerish-morain [fl. 1817-1833], Pottawatomie chief, River Raisin community; Perish, Pottawatomie chief, signed the US peace treaty at the Miami Rapids, September 29, 1817; Moran, Pottawatomie chief, signed the US Treaty for lands in eastern Michigan, September 19, 1827; Morah, Pottawatomie chief, signed the US Treaty of Chicago, September 27, 1833, which led to the removal of the Pottawatomie Nation from Michigan (US: 1837: 216; Gilbert: 99-101; Leighton: app.B3; MPHSC vol. XVI: 676).

Peetaugezhig [born at Chatham in 1846], Ojibwa, Muncey community; lived at Muncey in 1852, his father appears to have been Solomon Askin and his mother was Akoleguayog; possibly related to Peter Weeks [born in 1813], who lived at Muncey in 1861 (PAC Canada 1851-1852; PAC Canada 1861).

Pee-wan-she-me-nogh [fl. 1795-1807], Ojibwa chief; signed the US Greenville Treaty on August 3, 1795; signed US Treaty of Detroit ceding the west half of Lake St. Clair, etc., November 17, 1807 (US 1837: 54, 136; Leighton: app. B1; MPHSC vol. XX: 417).

Pekican [fl. 1788], Ojibwa chief, signed the Jonathon Schieffelin deed, north side of the Askunessippi [Thames River] from Chatham to London, September 20, 1788 (PAO MU 2099 OS 1-4).

Pemahquadonce [fl. 1875], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community; signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7).

Pemekumawassigai / Pemkunawassiegai / Pemicunac-sassugai [fl. 1797-1827], Ojibwa chief, southwestern Ontario; Peymicauawabame told Selby on October 12, 1797, that he and his community wished to winter at Chennail Ecarte - there were 45 people in his community at that time; Paymekawnawwassegay, Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Fish totem] Surrender #21, west of London Township, north of the Thames River, March 9, 1819; Pemicunac-sassugai, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #280½, west of London Township, north of the Thames River, May 9, 1820; Pemekumawassigai, Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Fish totem] Surrender #25, London Township to Chatham Township, July 8, 1822; Pomikumangwasigai, Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Turtle(?) totem] a receipt for goods received as payment for Surrender #21, August 9, 1827; [Clifton states that Pennikumawassigai was a Pottawatomie chief from the Ocean Clan] (PAC RG10 vol. 1842 IT 065, IT 067, IT 079; PAC RG10 vol. 1849 IT 368; Canada 1891 vol. I: 49, 58, vol. II: 281; Clifton 1975: 61-62; Leighton: app. B6, B7; MPHSC vol. XXV: 157).

Pemuseh / Pemusch [fl. 1818-1827], Ojibwa chief, probably Bear Creek community; Peuesewah, Ojibwa chief of Chennail Ecarte, attended a council at Amherstburg to negotiate Surrender #21, October 16, 1818; Pemusch, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #280½, west of London Township, north of the Thames River, May 9, 1820; Peninseh, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #25, London Township to Chatham Township, July 8, 1822; Pimousai, Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Crane totem] a receipt for goods received in payment for Surrender #21 on August 9, 1827 (PAC RG10 vol. 1842 IT 065, IT 067, IT 079; PAC RG10 vol. 1849 IT 368; Canada 1891 vol. I: 49, 58, vol. II: 281; Leighton: app. B7; MPHSC vol. XVI: 643).

Pena-mo-ge-tack [fl. 1781], Pottawatomie chief, Detroit area, attended a council at Detroit, April 26, 1781 (PAC RG10 ser. II vol. 13).

John Penance [born 1821; fl. 1875-1880], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community, son of Chief Menaze, grandson of Chief Mash kee yos way of Walpole Island; signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875; he also signed a declaration of February 12, 1880, regarding Walpole community membership (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7; Taylor app. A3). 'My father's name was Menaze, he was a Chippeway and also fought for the British in the war of 1812. In the year 1829 my father and my grandfather Mash kee yos way, father of Joshua Greenbird (also on the list) came to Walpole Island to reside permanently. The reason why my father came to Walpole Island Canada was that his grandfather was a British Indian, one owing allegiance to the British Crown. My father and his grandfather both died on Walpole Island and are buried there'— Walpole Island, February 12, 1880 (Taylor: app. A).

John Penance Junior, [fl. 1875], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community, son of John Penance; signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7).

ÌPe-nash [fl. 1776-1827], Pottawatomie chief; Pena-ku, Pottawatomie chief, Fish totem, signed a deed for Kicheminishen [Grosse Îsle] to the McComb brothers, July 6, 1776; Pinask, Pottawatomie chief, attended a council at Detroit with Lieutenant Governor Hamilton, June 14-20, 1778; Penemou, Pottawatomie chief, gave land on the Detroit River to Thomas Williams, July 28, 1780; Pinanche, Pottawatomie chief at Detroit, signed a grant of land on the Rivière Ecorse to Jean Baptiste Réaume, and land on the Detroit River at the Rivière à la Carrière Menning to James Abbott, December 9, 1785; Pe-nash, principal Pottawatomie chief, attended a council at Detroit on May 19, 1790 where he signed Surrender #2, south side of Askunessippi [Thames River] from Port Bruce to Windsor; Clifton states that this name does not appear to be a regular clan eponym and that all that can be said about Pe-nash is that he was associated with Alexander McKee; on February 5, 1816, Billy Caldwell included Pinashee [Pinase] on a list of Pottawatomies killed or wounded during Proctor's retreat from Detroit; Peenaysee, Pottawatomie chief, signed the US Treaty of Saginaw, September 24, 1819; Pee-nai-sheish / Little Bird, Pottawatomie chief, signed the US Treaty for lands in eastern Michigan, September 19, 1827 (PAC RG10 vol. 1840 IT 002; PAC RG10 ser. II vol. 13; Canada 1891 vol. I: 1; US 1837: 276; Clifton 1975: 41, 58-59; Leighton: app. B3, B4; Quaife 1928 vol. I: 175, 212; Stout: 116; Wheeler-Voegelin: 23; MPHSC vol. IX: 443, vol. XXXV: 582).

Penashee / Solomon Bird / J.G. Bird / Solomon Pe-nay-sheence [fl. 1867-1882], Ojibwa Nation, Sarnia community; received annuity payments on July 25, 1867; ancestor of John Penance (?); J. G. Bird, Ojibwa chief, Walpole Island, who signed Surrender #296, lease of St. Anne's Island, February 6, 1882 (Canada 1891: vol. III: 30; Plain: 9).

James Penasheens [fl. 1875], Ojibwa Nation, Walpole Island community; signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 7).

Penasqwaby [fl. 1943], Ojibwa; lived on the Upper St. Clair Reserve on January 20, 1843 (Canada 1847: no. 20).

Pe-na-ze-ge-we-zhic / Penasywikizhy [fl. 1819-1848], Ojibwa Nation, Sarnia community; Pe-na-ze-ge-we-zhic, principal Ojibwa chief, Saginaw community; lived on the Shingwassi River in Michigan; negotiated and signed the US Treaty of Saginaw, September 24, 1819; Penasywikizhy lived on the Upper Reserve Sarnia on January 20, 1843; Penasewegeeshig, Ojibwa Warrior, Sarnia, in 1848 received presents from the Indian Department for wounds suffered in the War of 1812 (Canada 1847: no. 20; US 1837: 276; Richardson: 101; MPHSC vol. XXIV: 527). Penasewegeeshig = Bird Sky (Richardson: 101).

Penece-o-quin [fl. 1825], Ojibwa chief; signed Surrender #27½, Watford area, April 26, 1825 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 65; Leighton: app. B7).

Penessiwagum [fl. 1827-1839], Ojibwa chief; signed Surrender #29, Sarnia to Goderich, July 10, 1827; Penasianquasham, Ojibwa Nation; lived on the Upper St. Clair Reserve on August 3, 1839 (Canada 1847: no. 20; Canada 1891 vol. I: 71; Leighton: app. B8a).

Pe-ni-mon [fl. 1791], Pottawatomie chief, St. Joseph community; Pe-ni-mon / Peni-mon attended councils at Detroit, May 6-8, 1791 (PAC RG10 ser. II vol. 13).

Le Pésant [fl. 1706-1712] principal Odawa chief at Detroit, nephew of Odawa Chief Onaské; in September 1706, Odawa Chief Miscouaky stated that the Odawas at Detroit were warned by a Pottawatomie that the Miamis at Detroit had decided to attack the Odawa village near present-day Windsor after the Odawa warriors had left for war against the Sioux - Le Pezant said that the Odawas must attack the Miamis, over the objections of the other Odawa principal Chief Outoutagan. Le Pezant and the Odawa attacked the Miamis chiefs near the Huron village at Detroit, only Chief Pacamakona escaped to Fort Detroit, in pursuit of him a Recollet priest was killed; around June 21, 1707 the Odawa chiefs agreed "never to recognize Le Pesant again in anything, and to look upon him in future as a member withered and severed from your body"; at a council at Detroit, August 6, 1707, Cadillac demanded and the Odawa chiefs agreed to hand over Le Pésant, and that he should be put to death to ensure peace with the Hurons and Miamis; Le Pesant was brought from Michilmakinac and handed over to the French at Detroit on September 24, 1707, the old Odawas pleaded for his life; Le Pesant was received at Detroit by Cadillac who granted him his life [which incensed the Hurons and Miamis so much that they plotted to kill all the French and Odawas at Detroit in 1708]; Le Pésant escaped over the palisade at daybreak the next day; in a letter of June 12, 1712, Father Marest said that Le Pesant had gone to Manitoulin after the defeat of the Mascoutens at Detroit (Blair vol. I: 257; MPHSC vol. XXXIII: 268-269, 282, 289-290, 320-321, 326, 329-330, 332-333, 335, 346-348, 350, 352, 354-355, 363-364, 366, 383, 385, 395, 435, 440, 449, 556). 'I see I am a dead man'—Detroit, October 1, 1707 (MPHSC vol. XXXIII: 351).

Pesintaway [fl. 1788], Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Muskrat or Rat(?) totem] the Jonathon Schieffelin deed, north side of the Askunessippi [Thames River] from Chatham to London, September 20, 1788 (PAO MU 2099 OS 1-4).

From PAO, MU 2099 - 1788.

Petawwansega [born on the Thames River in 1846], Ojibwa, Muncey community; lived at Muncey in 1852, his parents were Mr. Wick [born on the Thames River in 1812] and Mrs. Wick [born at Amherstburg in 1814] (PAC Canada 1851-1852).

Jacob Petandick [fl. 1866-1871], chief of the Sarnia Ojibwa, grandson of Petaw-wick; signed: Surrender #107, December 13, 1866, and Surrender #119, May 5, 1871 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 252; 275).

Petaw-wick / Peetawick / Petahdick [fl. 1825 onwards; died c.1827 at Sarnia], original Sarnia Ojibwa community chief; Petahdick, Sarnia Ojibwa chief, father of Sarnia Ojibwa Chief Kah-ka-gezhigk, grandfather of John Sumner and Jacob Petandick, brother of Odegish; Petaw- wick, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #27½, Watford area, April 26, 1825; Peetawick, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #29, Sarnia to Goderich, July 10, 1827; (Canada 1891 vol. I: 65, 71; Leighton: app. B8, B8a; Plain: 3, 5, 21; RCWL VF 185).

Peterwegeeshisk / Peterwegeshick / Peterwezishayk / Petawegezhig / Pelogezhig / Pitweyishin / Petwwegeshig / Peter Wegezhig [born at Swan Creek 1811; died on Walpole Island c.1920 at the age of over 100], Walpole Island Ojibwa/Odawa chief, Crane totem, son of Ojibwa/Odawa chief and medicine man Pazhehizhikquashkum, brother of Ojibwa chief / messenger Kikenosway and Kenobee, great-grandfather of Jack Sands; farmed at Swan Creek, moved to Walpole Island; he went to Malden to receive annuity presents in 1827; he burned down the Catholic mission on Walpole Island around 1837, because the priests had cut oak from a sacred area and built their mission there; Petwegeshig, Ojibwa chief of Walpole Island and Sarnia, signed Surrender #53½, Moore Township, August 18, 1843; Peterwezishayk, Walpole Island chief, met H.P. Chase on April 6, 1846, and explained that the community was deserted because his people were "very much scattered through the country," for" the whole of last winter." They were "about the northern shores of Lake Erie,...the headwaters of Lake Erie at Maumee River at the States of Michigan and Ohio." Peta-we-gee-shig, Walpole Island chief, in 1848 received presents from the Indian Department for wounds suffered in the War of 1812; Pitweyishin, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #59, Moore Township, August 18, 1849; Peter Wegezigh signed Surrender #85 and #86, for Peach Island, Detroit River, and Keshabahahnelegoo Menesha Island, St. Clair River, July 21, 1857; Petme-ge- shig, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #144, June 17, 1875; he dictated declarations about Walpole Island occupancy in 1875 and 1877; he lived on Walpole Island on November 13, 1877; Walpole Island hereditary chief (PAC RG10 vol. 436: 576-577; Canada 1891 vol. I: 128, 147, 220-221, vol. II: 7; Nin•Da•Waab• Jig: 121; Richardson: 99; Taylor app. A: Penance decl. / Petogeshig decl.; Jack Sands pers. com.). Peta-we-gee-shig = Between Day (Richardson: 99). 'That I am 66 years of age, that my father Pash-she-geesh-quash-kung was a Chippeway tribe and was born on the river Thames, he lived on Walpole Island before the war of 1812. He left Canada for a short time for hunting purposes, but returned to his native land and died there. I do not know where I was born as my parents wandered from place to place in search of game, when a boy of 10 years of age, residing with my parents on Walpole Island I remember the Indians from Sarnia about 52 years ago with their late chief Wawanosh at their head, Came down to Walpole Island on their way to Amherstburg, my father joined them with his band and went down to the same place'— Wallaceburg, 1877 (Taylor app. A).

Pewahanep [fl. 1813], Ojibwa war chief; he was at the Battle of Moraviantown [Fairfield], October 5, 1813 (Sugden).

Peyshiky / Pshikie [fl. 1783-1813], Ojibwa chief, member of an influential Ojibwa family from Lake Superior, ancestor of Mtshiki; Pishikié / Pyshikié, Ojibwa chief, attended councils at Detroit, October 10, 18, and 20-22 1783; Pey-shaw-kay / Young Ox, Ojibwa chief, signed the US Greenville Treaty, August 3, 1795; Peyshiky, Bear Creek Ojibwa chief, signed [with a Perching Bird totem] Surrender #6, London Township, Surrender #7, Sombra Township, and accompanying maps, September 7, 1796; Pecheekee, Ojibwa chief, sold land on the northwest side of Lake St. Clair to May, McNiff and Harsen, February 4, 1797; Bessheca, signed [with a Perching Bird totem] a deed to William Thorn Junior for land on the east shore of the St. Clair River, August 28, 1798; Pshikie, chief, signed Surrender #12, Huron Church Reserve sale, Windsor, September 11, 1800; Peckickee / Skivahee, Ojibwa warrior / chief fought at the Battle of Moraviantown [Fairfield], October 5, 1813; Piz-hi-kee / the Buffalo, lived at La Pointe at the west end of Lake Superior in 1835 (PAC RG10 vol. 1840 IT 021-025, IT 027-028; PAC RG10 ser. II vol. 13; PAO RG1 A-1-7 vol. 8 env. 2 03534-03535; Canada 1891 vol. I: 17, 19, 30; US 1837: 54); Jameson: 463; Lajeunesse: 208; Leighton: app. B5; Sugden: 114; MPHSC vol. VIII: 498-500, vol. XX: 417). 'What need of this? it is known to all whence I am descended!'— La Pointe, c.1825 [upon receiving a silver medal from the U.S. government] (Jameson: 464).

From Surrender #7 (1796). PAC RG10, Vol. 1840, IT 027.

The Pheasant [fl. 1768(?)], Delaware chief; he was listed in Franks' war losses on August 19, 1766; a Delaware Chief with the same name attended a conference at Johnson Hall, August 27, 1768 (PSWJ vol. V: 354, vol. XII: 628).

Joseph Pheasant [fl. 1882], Delaware/ Munsee warrior, related to Pah-pah-coash / Jacob Pheasant (?); with Timothy Snake held an annual ceremony for Tecumseh at his secret grave near the Moraviantown [Fairfield] Battle site for many years; he signed Surrender #199, part of Moraviantown, November 13, 1882 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 124; Sugden: 217).

Pichea-kea [fl. 1785], Mississauga/Ojibwa chief, Grand River community, Buffalo clan, under principal Chief Pokquan; c.1785 asked Mohawk Chief Brant to handle his Nation's affairs with the Government (Schmalz: 101-102, 283n).

Pisortim / Turner [fl. 1800], Ojibwa? chief; signed Surrender #12, Huron Church Reserve sale, Windsor, September 11, 1800 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 30; Lajeunesse: 208).

Nicholas Plain Junior [fl. 1871-1903], last hereditary Ojibwa chief of the Sarnia Ojibwas (an elective government was introduced in the early 1870s); son of Zakh shko da wa [Nicholas] and Jemima Jacobs, grandson of Chief Mesquahwegezhigk [Red Sky], great-grandson of Chief Namikance, great-great grandson of Chief Kioscance, married (1) Susan George, (2) Saugeen Ojibwa Elizabeth Roote; Nicholas Plain Junior signed: Surrender #119, May 5, 1871, Surrender #128, Indian Mission lot, May 1, 1872, Surrender #143, part of Sarnia Reserve, January 14, 1875, Surrender #251, part of Sarnia Reserve, May 6, 1885, Surrender #242, timber on Kettle Point and Stoney Point, July 10, 1885, and Surrender #480, part of Sarnia Reserve, August 24, 1903 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 275, 298, vol. II: 5, 207, 227, vol. III: 393; Plain: 4-5, 19-20).

Po-ka-gon / Leopold Pokagon / Sakekwinik / Mr. Ribs [born c.1776; died at Silver Creek, Michigan, July 8, 1841], Pottawatomie chief, valley of the River Rouge in 1819, Sakikwinik / Wkamek [River's Mouth] or Great Lake clan member, Kitchigumi totem; he was a Kiktowenine [speaker]; born an Ojibwa, Great Lake clan member, husband of (1) Pottawatomie medicine-woman Acuarie / Kitisse and (2) Elizabeth; he was the brother of Pottawatomie Chiefs Simon and Peter, nephew of Chief Weesaw, associate of Johnny Appleseed, brother-in-law of Topenibe the Younger; father of Peter Pokagon [who probably addressed the Chicago Exposition of 1893]; Pugagan was the leader for a village on the St. Joseph River in Michigan in the spring of 1825 when he was about 50; he received payments at Fort Wayne on October 30 of that year; he was a Baptist sympathizer until 1827; Pokagon signed the US Treaty for lands in southwestern Michigan, September, 1828; converted to Catholicism in 1830; Pokagon signed the US Tippecanoe Treaty, October 27, 1832; he used a horse drawn, single axle, high wheeled French style cart in the 1830s; Leopold Pokagon signed the US Treaty of Chicago, which led to the removal of the Pottawatomie Nation from Michigan, with conditions, September 27, 1833; moved to Silver Creek in 1838, where he began to buy land; in 1840 he successfully resisted removal from Michigan (US 1837; Clifton 1984: 57-74; Clifton, Cornell, McClurken: 47, 62, 65, 69; Gilbert: 54, 72-73, 75-78, 99-101; MPHSC. vol. XXXV: 150). 'I understand this and I understand perfectly what you are about to do, but I think you have forgotten something. And it is something very important to yourself and to your people. You must consider it or the tide will turn against you too'—response to Zachary Taylor [who stated that the tide had turned against the Pottawatomie Nation], Fort Dearborn, Michigan, September 26, 1833 (Gilbert: 77-78).

Pokquan / Pokquawr / Paquan / Parquan / Pokaton [fl. 1781-1794], senior Mississauga/Ojibwa chief / negotiator for the Crown; Paghquan, Mississauga chief, signed Surrender #381, west side of the Niagara River, May 9, 1781; Pokquan / Pokquawr, Mississauga chief, negotiated and signed an indenture which eventually became Surrender #3, Niagara River to Port Bruce [Catfish Creek], May 22, 1784; Pokquan, Mississauga chief, attended and spoke at a council with the Six Nations, May 22, 1784; Pakquan signed the Crawford Treaty, Lake Ontario front from the Gananoque River, September 23, 1787; Pakquan, Mississauga chief, signed Surrender #13, Toronto Purchase, September 23, 1787; he welcomed Joseph Brant to the Grand River and asked him to represent the Ojibwa in land negotiations with the Government; Pokaton, associate of Ojibwa/Mississauga Chief Wapinose in July 1794; both accompanied Jones on his survey of the Thames River where the Ojibwas told them that "the English were nearly as bad as the Americans in taking away their lands" (Canada 1891 vol. I: 5, 32, vol. III: 196; Cruikshank vol. III: 24; Fraser: 486-487; Johnston: 46-47; Morris: 17; Schmalz: 101-102, 108). 'We the Mississagas are not the owners of all the Land laying between the three Lakes, but we have agreed and are willing to transfer our right of Soil & property to the King our Father, for the use of His people, and our Brethren the Six Nations ... this tract of Land we imagine will be quite sufficient both for the King's people, and our Brethren the Six Nations, who may wish to settle and hunt thereon;'—Burlington, May 22, 1784 (Johnston: 46).

Polaquan / Potaquan / Patopkquan [fl. 1797-1817], Mississauga/Ojibwa chief, Grand River community, Buffalo clan; subordinate to principal Chief Pokquan; Potakquan signed Surrender #3¾, west of Toronto, October 24, 1795; around 1800 he asked Mohawk Chief Brant to handle his Nation's affairs with the Government; Potaquan signed [with a Deer(?) totem] Surrender #8, near Burlington, August 21, 1797; Pataquan attended a council on the Credit River, October, 1801; Pataquan signed Surrender #14, Burlington, September 6, 1806; Potaquam, Ojibwa chief, signed the US peace treaty at the Miamis Rapids, September 29, 1817 (Canada 1891 vol. I: 5, 8, 22, 36; US 1837: 216; Schmalz: 101-102, 283n; Smith 1987: 262; MPHSC vol. XVI: 675).

Pomosong / William Pomossong / William Pomussang / William Pamussung / William Pammosong / Bamausung [fl. 1838-1857], Ojibwa Nation, Sarnia community; lived on the Upper Reserve at Sarnia, January 20, 1843; Bamausung, Ojibwa warrior, signed [with a Bird totem] a letter to the Queen in 1838 objecting to the illegal surrenders of Indian land; Pamasing, Ojibwa chief, Sarnia community, in 1848 received presents from the Indian Department for wounds suffered in the War of 1812; Pomosong, Ojibwa chief, Upper Reserve, St. Clair River, signed [with a Bird totem] a petition to the Upper Reserve Indian Agent, September 6, 1849; William Pommosong, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #69, part of Sarnia Reserve for town and park lots, August 25, 1852; William Pomussang signed Surrender #71½, Great Western Railway right of way, May 10, 1854; William Pamussung signed Surrender #266, part of Bosanquet Township, September 27, 1855; William Pamossong signed Surrender #80½, Stag Island, January 19, 1857 (PAC RG10 vol.: 436; Canada 1847: no. 20; Canada 1891 vol. I: 177, 193, 211, vol. II: 256; Richardson: 101). Pamasing = Ray (Richardson: 101).

Pondiac [fl. 1786], Odawa chief, Detroit area; signed [with a Deer(?) totem] a surrender of land, south side of the Detroit River and Isle aux Bois Blancs [Bob-Lo Island], May 15, 1786 - it would eventually be registered as Surrender #116 (Canada 1891: 273; Lajeunesse: 165-166; MPHSC vol. XXIV: 27-29).

Pontiac (1) / Pontiak / Ponteack / Pontiague / Obwandiyag [born c.1720 on the south side of the Detroit River near Windsor; he was murdered at Cahokia, Illinois {East St. Louis} by the nephew of Peoria Chief Makatachinga / Black Dog on April 20, 1769], Odawa civil and war chief, succeeded by Onqushaw; he lived at the Odawa village near present-day Windsor, opposite Fort Detroit on the south side of the Detroit River, husband of Kan tuck ee gun, father of sons Otussa and Shegenaba, uncle of Okemos, great-uncle of Pottawatomie Chief Shabbona, and brother-in-law of Oskkigoisin who witnessed the murder of Mrs. Fisher's child near Detroit; he stated that he had interceded and saved Detroit from attack by Chief Mikinak in 1746; he led the Odawa warriors at Little Meadows in 1755; he gave a speech at Fort Duquesne in 1757; he may have then accompanied Montcalm in an expedition against Fort William Henry in 1757; he held a secret council at Rivière à l'Écorce, April 27, 1763 which soon led to the Siege of Detroit, under his command, from May 9 to October 31, 1763; on May 7, Pontiac struck with a stick the woman [Catherine] suspected of informing the English about the planned attack on Fort Detroit; at the time he was living on Isle aux Pêches, at the mouth of the Detroit River; he fought at Bloody Run, August 1, 1763 where his brother-in-law, Geyette, shot Dalyell; on September 3, 1765 Pontiac granted land on the south side of the Detroit River to McDougall, on September 17 to Anton, Abbot and Chesne, and on September 18 to Maisonville; he signed a peace treaty at Fort Ontario, July 1766; he was at the Oswego Conference, July 1766 and lived at Quiatenon on the Wabash River in 1768; Pontiac (2) Odawa chief, signed the US peace treaty at the Miamis Rapids on September 29, 1817 (US 1837: 216; Jameson: 334-339; Lajeunesse: lxi, lxxvii-lxxix, 62, 94-100, 312-313; Parkman vol. II: 313; Peckham; Petrone: 31-32; DCB, vol. III: 525-531; MPHSC vol. VIII: 266-339 [Pontiac Manuscript], 351-353, vol. XVI: 677, vol. XIX: 213, vol. XXIV: 42, vol. XXVII: 615-623, 630; PSWJ vol. IV: 468, 529, 786, 807, vol. V: 671-730, vol. XI: 226-227, 772, 810, 818-819, vol. XII: 150, 228). 'Mon Frere La Parole que mon Pere m'a envoyée pour faire la Paix, je l'ai aceptée tous mes jeunes gens ont enterré leur Cassetetes: Je pense que tu oblieras les mouvaises choses que sont passées il y a quelque tems: de meme j'oublierai ce que tu veux m'avoir fait, pour ne penser que de bonnes. Moi, les Saulteurs, les Hurons, nous devons t'aller parler, quand tu nous demanderas. Fais nous la reponse. Je t'envoye ce Conseil a fin que la voyes. Si tu es bien comme moi tu me feras response. Je te souhaitte le bon Jour' —letter to Gladwin at Detroit, October 30, 1763 (Lajeunesse: 99).

Poo-qui-gau-boa-wie [fl. 1807], Ojibwa chief; signed the US Treaty of Detroit ceding the west half of Lake St. Clair, etc., November 17, 1807 (US 1837: 136; Leighton: app. B1).

Po-qua-quet / The Ball [fl. 1807-1818], Ojibwa chief; signed the US Treaty of Detroit ceding the west half of Lake St. Clair, etc., November 17, 1807; Puckinac, Ojibwa Nation, attended a council at Amherstburg to negotiate Surrender #21, October 16, 1818 (US 1837: 136; Leighton: app. B1; MPHSC vol. XVI: 643).

Poquash [fl. 1781-1783], Odawa chief; Po- quash, Odawa chief, Saginaw Bay area community; he attended and spoke at a council at Detroit, May 5, 1781; Puckequash, Odawa chief, attended a council at Detroit, October 10, 1783; Poquash, Odawa chief, signed [with a Sturgeon totem] the Jacob Schieffelin deed, south side of the Detroit River, opposite Isle aux Bois Blancs [Bob-Lo Island], October 13, 1783; Puquash, Odawa chief, attended a council at Detroit, October 17, 1783; Puckquash, Odawa chief, attended councils at Detroit, October 20-21, 1783 (PAC RG10 ser. II vol. 13; Lajeunesse: 154; MPHSC vol. XX: 195). 'Father! I also shew you this war belt, which I received from my father Governor Hamilton he was always pleased to tell me good things and look with pity on me, its from you I now look for Succour, you know my situation, I shall hold this war hatchet fast and will never let it go, until you should order otherwise, we your Children are disposed to attend to what you may say unto us'—Detroit, May 5, 1781 (PAC RG10 ser. II vol. 13).

Pottos-song [fl. 1848], Ojibwa warrior, Walpole Island community; in 1848 received presents from the Indian Department for wounds suffered in the War of 1812 (Richardson: 100). Pottos-song = Rising Sun (Richardson: 100).

Peter Powlis [born at the Oneida Castle, New York in 1821; fl. 1852-1872], Oneida chief, Oneida Settlement on the Thames River; married to Salley [born at the Oneida Castle, New York, lived at the Oneida Settlement in 1852], probably the son of John Powles [born at the Oneida Castle, New York in 1797; fl. 1852]; Peter Powlis signed Surrender #127, Canadian Southern Railway right of way, January 17, 1872 (PAC Canada 1851-1852; Canada 1891 vol. I: 296).

Puck-a-nonce / Paothineous / Puckenas / Puck-e-nese / the Spark of Fire / Cricket [born on Lake Superior, fl. 1780-1827; died near Sarnia around 1827], Ojibwa chief, he was the ancestor of: Sarnia Ojibwa Chiefs Joshua and David Wawanosh, Ashquayanding, Otanyannaus, Munoayas, Oyahbibiqua, Shagawishwaqua, Prekaquahbonnoqua, Magegesheik, Odountoquatoqua, Nebenngance, Wagageshick, Omezhackwence; Puck- a-nonce emigrated from Lake Superior to Georgian Bay and then to the Sarnia area, living there for a year before returning home; once there he killed several members of his tribe, which forced him to return to Sarnia where he presented himself as a member of the Metahbick [Mich-ke-ha-bick?] tribe; he was successful and admitted as a member of the Sarnia Ojibwa community; Paothineous, chief of the Ojibwa Nations at Detroit, signed a gift of land between Lake St. Clair and the River Huron to William Tucker, September 22, 1780; Fier Spark signed [with an Antler totem] a deed to William Thorn Junior for land on the east shore of the St. Clair River, August 28, 1798; Puck-en-ese / the Spark of Fire, Ojibwa chief, signed the US Treaty of Detroit ceding the west half of Lake St. Clair, etc., November 17, 1805; Pakinence / Paquinince signed [with an Antler totem] a petition? at the St. Clair River, June 30, 1816; Pockenaise, Ojibwa chief of Chennail Ecarte, attended a council at Amherstburg to negotiate Surrender #21, October 16, 1818; Puckeneuse, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #27½, Watford area, April 26, 1825; Puckinince, Ojibwa chief, signed Surrender #29, Sarnia to Goderich, July 10, 1827 (PAO RG1 A-1-7 vol. 8 env. 1 03533-03535, 03580-03581; RCWL VF 185; Canada 1891 vol. I: 65, 71; US 1837: 136; Leighton: app. B1, B8, B8a; Plain: 2, 7; MPHSC vol. V: 551-552, vol. XVI: 643).

From PAO, RG1, A-1-7, Vol. 8, Env.1.: 03535 (1798).

Punchhuck / Captain Beaver [fl. 1817], Delaware Nation; signed the US peace treaty at the Miami Rapids, September 29, 1817 (US 1837: 216; MPHSC vol. XVI: 676).

William Purds [fl. 1883], Ojibwa Nation, Muncey community; signed Surrender #210, September 28, 1883 (Canada 1891 vol. II: 146).

Pwau-na-shig [fl. 1848], Pottowatomie Nation, Walpole Island Community; in 1848 he received presents from the Indian Department for wounds suffered in the War of 1812 (Richardson: 100). Pwau- na-shig = Sounder (Richardson: 100).